Me Too movement Essays - Feminism, Human Sexuality, Human Behavior

Me Too Movement: An End to Sexual Harassment and Assault Morgan Baker California Baptist University Author Note This paper is being submitted to Prof. Marilyn D. Moore in partial fulfillment of the course Intro to Sociology, SOC 213, on April 23, 2018. There are different cultures around the world that have an array of beliefs on the types of behaviors that are ethical and unethical. If there is no law against action, it is legal, no matter how many deem it unethical. This is because ethics are solely based on personal belief systems which immensely differ from person to person. Actual or attempted rape or sexual assault, unwanted pressure for sexual favors, sexual looks or gestures, or any material of sexual nature. This is just some unethical behavior which has lead people to stand up against sexual harassment. Sexual harassment does not just occur in a work setting, it can happen anywhere. Effects of sexual harassment can vary depending on the individuality of the recipient and the severity and duration of the harassment. This type of harassment can lead to temporary or prolonged states of stress or depression depending on the recipient's psychological abilities to cope with this type of behavior. There are many cases of sexual harassment that take place because some individuals are unaware that they are displaying unacceptable behavior. Those who continue to sexually harass an individual often perceive the situation as something they can "get away with" and do not count on the victim acting. Many harassers are also not familiar with the rules, regulations, and laws regarding unwanted sexual attention, which aim to protect the rights of victims. To date, many work environments, higher learning institutions, and even a few states are cracking down on the issue of sexual harassment by implementing mandatory policies There are several ways to overcome sexual harassment. First is Educate yourself.Do some research on the law of discrimination and harassment: what it is, how it is proven in court, and what your responsibilities. AS a victim, it can be difficult to admit to a sexual assault incident. Remaining silent and choosing not to act will cause an immense about of emotional pain. person who Tarana burke the founder of MeToo explains that "When it comes to you, your safety comes first." The "Me Too" movement is a protest sexual harassment and assault. #Metoo has become a trending Hashtag on social media since October 2017. This movement wishes to convey the widespread occurrence of sexual assault and harassment, especially in the work place. This Movement followed soon after the sexual misconduct allegations against Harvey Weinstein. Harvey Weinstein is a former American film producer. However, there are allegations concerning sexual harassment and assault against a great number of women in the film industry from Weinstein. This one hashtag has given a sense of courage to these women and they are choosing to stand tall. Activist Tarana Burke is the woman behind the MeToo hashtag. She is the woman responsible for starting the movement back in 2006, which encourages women to demonstrate solidarity with each other, specifically dealing with sexual assault and harassment. The Hashtag resurfaced when Actor Alyssa Milano used it in support of a dear friend Rose McGowan's allegations of sexual harassment against Harvey Weinstein. Burke along with other supporters wore black at the Golden Globes to protest sexual harassment in Hollywood. Burke was asked about the popularity of the movement and she answered, saying that "It's deeply humbling. This is something that I started out of necessity and something that I thought that my community needed, and it has grown over the years, but I never could envision it growing like this" (Borge 2018). She then explains that this movement "is more powerful because we're seeinga collaboration between these two worlds that people don't usually put together" (Borge,2018) . Burke is overwhelmed with the amount of support this movement has created and is even more excited to see the changes that come along. The underlaying purpose of this movement is to not associate shame with sexual harassment but a renewed attitude. As women come forward with stories of sexual assault and harassment, advocates are realizing that the "me too" movement can be an opportunity

Scholarship Essay Format

Scholarship Essay Format Scholarship Essay Format Scholarship Essay Format Writing Secrets One thing about a good college education is that you have to pay through your nose for it. This is why scholarship essays are a very good option if you are running short of funds and need to apply for a scholarship. There are millions of dollars that are paid out every year to students who have written brilliant scholarship essays to back up the excellence of their past academic as well as extra curricular achievements. Now you can be one of them. A good scholarship essay needs to be written in the right scholarship essay formatalong with a workable scholarship strategy to get you the scholarship that you so badly need and are dreaming of. Scholarship Strategy Do your homework to find out all the scholarship options that are open to you Ensure that you strictly follow all the directions that have been given on the scholarship essay format Apply for as many scholarships as you can-that way while most get rejected there is a chance that at least one scholarship essay from amongst a couple turns out a winner. Lastly an important part of your scholarship strategy is to always ensure that you have edited and proof-checked your essay after getting constructive feedback from your professor or teachers. Remember that you dont want to lose out on a good opportunity due to a careless spelling error or grammatical mistake Scholarship Essay Format Ideas Stick to the word limit: if you have been asked to write 200 words or less on- why you like the specific course that you are applying for then you definitely do not want to drag it on to two pages,(as this will only get you in to the bad books of the scholarship committee.) Read sample essays of winning scholarship essays: this will give you a good idea of the kind of scholarship essay format that works and what does not. Use standard format: if no directions are specified. A standard scholarship essay formatconsists of three to five paragraphs. Start with an interesting introductory paragraph that spells out your thesis statement, follow this with supporting paragraphs that elaborate on a point each and conclude your essay in the final paragraph. This is an ideal standard scholarship essay formatto follow:http://.com/blog/scholarship-application-essay-writing Related posts: Narrative Essay Expository Essay Argumentative Essay Persuasive Research Paper Argumentative Research Paper Topics

The Russian Revolution, 2nd ed., by Sheila Fitzpatrick Essay

The Russian Revolution, 2nd ed., by Sheila Fitzpatrick - Essay Example To prove this statement, firs of all, I need to define the term revolution. Secondly, I need to trace and compare the features of Stalin’s and Lenin’s dictatorships in economic policy, social policy and party policy. So, the first task to be done is to understand how Sheila Fitzpatrick defined the revolution. According to her, revolution â€Å"is coterminous with the period of upheaval and instability between the fall of an old regime and the firm consolidation of a new one† (3). Russian Revolution began with the February 1917 and ended with the Great Purges in 1938. Author distinguished five stages of the revolution: the February and October Revolutions in 1917, Civil War, the interlude of NEP, Stalin’s â€Å"revolution form above† and the Great Purges (4). Each of these stages had its own features and was continuation of the previous one. So, the Russian Revolution lasted about 20 years that had not only changed the regime but also formed the new one. Lenin was a great organizer, ideologist and the inspirer for many Bolsheviks. Bolsheviks seized power during the October revolution only thanks to the Lenin’s strategy. Stalin was the one who deeply consolidated the new regime in the USSR with Lenin’s ideas and radically changed economy, society and party. Russia’s economy in the interwar period went through many extreme things like War Communism, NEP and Five Year Plans (with Collectivization and Industrialization). Each of them had its own aims. The main aim of the War Communism (1918-21) was to save the power, to feed soldiers and workers – it was â€Å"radical policy as answer to desperate situation† (79). But the nationalization of large-scale and small-scale industry, pressure on peasants and merchants, high level of internal resistance, instability at the front – all these forced Lenin and Bolsheviks to calm down the situation and introduce NEP. According to the author, NEP †Å"purpose was to restore the shattered economy and to calm the fears of the non-proletariat population† (96). Bolsheviks needed to consolidate the victories of the revolution. Lenin didn’t want to stop the reforms and the process of building the communism. But, his illness disturbed him and after 1921 he wasn’t actually the one who had real influence in the state. I think NEP was some kind of strategy â€Å"step back - two forward†. And, indeed, less than a decade later, Stalin abandoned most of the NEP policies and initiated a new phase of revolutionary change with the First Five Year Plan (1929-32) Industrialization drive and the Collectivization of peasant agriculture (116). He believed that this was a true Leninist course. War Communism and First Five Year Plan had the same aims: to make communism closer. Both Lenin and Stalin wanted to industrialize the state, because, according to Marx, communism was possible only in developed industrialized countrie s. But Bolsheviks didn’t have enough administrative power in the beginning of 1920s to start Industrialization. In the end of 1920s they had power and plan. The First Five Year Plan was planned to industrialize the USSR by building giant new construction projects (f.e. - Magnitogorsk) focused on iron and steel. But industrialization needed money that could be taken from peasants. That’s why Stalin began Collectivization. Collectivization was undoubtedly a real â€Å"revolution from above†

Legionaires Disease Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Legionaires Disease - Research Paper Example The laboratory tests of the patients suffering from legionnaire’s disease reveal liver dysfunction, renal dysfunction and electrolyte imbalance. Chest X-ray shows consolidation of portion of lungs. Ataxia, confusion and memory loss are also common signs of legionnaire’s disease. (Levinson 2008) Legionnaire’s disease is caused by a bacteria Legionella pneumophila. Legionella pneumophila is a gram negative, aerobic bacterium which is primarily a human attacking bacterium. Pontiac fever is also caused by legionella pneumophila in which no pneumonic symptoms are seen. Legionella pneumophila are found in aquatic bodies. Legionella pneumophila bacteria grows at temperatures between 25 ?C to 45 ?C. Legionella pneumophila takes two to ten days to cause legionnaires disease after attacking a person. Legionella pneumophila can also cause the inflammation of pericardium, haemodialysis fistula and infections of the skin. A Legionella pneumophila bacterium is usually transmit ted by inhaling aerosol or drinking water containing legionella pneumophila bacteria. Aerosol is a liquid droplet or solid particle which floats in gaseous medium. Water is evaporated in the form of small droplets which are unable to be seen by naked eye. If the water contains bacteria legionella pneumophila then the evaporated droplet will also contain the bacteria and if someone inhales the droplets then the person will get infected. When a person inhales the aerosol containing legionella pneumophila, the bacteria move towards the lungs but the cilia prevent their entry to the lungs. Smoking causes the injury to the cilia and makes this possible for the bacteria to enter the lungs. In patients who smoke it is easier for the bacteria to reach the lungs and attack the respiratory cells. The bacteria enter the cells in response to which the neutrophils and macrophages migrate towards the bacteria to destroy them. The macrophages engulf the bacteria but cannot destroy them and the bac teria start replication within the macrophages. The bacteria replicate in a quantity which makes the macrophage burst and the bacteria come out of the macrophage and attack a new macrophage. Legionella pneumophila does all this with the help of secretions. The legionella secrete different types of secretions. The chief secretions of legionella pneumophila are type IV secretion system and type II secretion system. Type IV secretion system is called icm (intracellular multiplication) or dot (defective organelle trafficking) which are required for intracellular growth of legionella in macrophages. It is for this reason that legionella pneumophila is also known as intracellular pathogen. Dot/icm secretion is the most important secretion of the legionella pneumophila which is necessary for legionella bacteria pathogenicity. Dot/icm secretion systems have different substrates like Ralf, LidA, LepA and LepB. The localization of ARF on phagosomes which contain legionella pneumophila require s the Ralf. LidA is required for the multiplication of bacteria within the macrophages; LepA and LepB cause the release of the legionella pneumophila from the macrophages after intracellular multiplication. The sources where the water contains legionella pneumophila bacteria are cooling towers, evaporative coolers, whirlpool spas, ice making machinery

Consultancy project Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 2

Consultancy project - Essay Example PESTEL generally refers to Political, Economic, Social and Technological analysis. In this case, the political aspect entails the degree in which the state intervene the economy of the industry(Doole 2012, 46).In most cases, the political factors entail the labor laws, political stability, tax policy, tariffs, trade restrictions and environmental laws. In the Spanish catering business, these factors play a key role in influencing and controlling the business. Being a food industry or business, the political aspect in this case will be based on the business health regulations that relate to the preparation of food. There would be a close-scrutiny by the state on the aspect of how clean the food is (Doole 2012, 48).The Spanish government plays a key role in influencing the health aspect in the catering industry. Alternatively, other factors such as labor laws and tax rates also affect the Spanish catering business. Economic factors in the Spanish catering business include the exchange rates, interest rates and the economic growth. These factors are of great benefit in this industry. This is because the catering industry depends on people’s disposable income in order to spend in the industry (Doole 2012, 54).Alternatively, the economic growth, inflation rate and the interests’ rates determines how the catering industry makes its decisions and operates. Some of the economic factors, which affect other businesses including capital costs and market inflation, will also influence the Spanish catering business (Doole 2012, 60). Social factors of the Spanish catering business will play a key role on the business. In most cases, the social factors include the health consciousness and the cultural aspects, emphasis on safety, age distribution and the population growth. In this case, the trends in the social factors would to affect the business demands for the catering services. It will also affect how the catering

Working with Allied Health Professionals

Working with Allied Health Professionals This work is a reflective piece based on my experience of working within a multi-professional group setting. I will be using the model by Gibbs model (1988) to aid my reflection and present my account. Although I will be contemplating how the group performed as a whole, ultimately I aim to guide my own learning, thus aiding my preparation for future similar situations. Task Description Once strategically placed within an inter-professional group of students, we were asked to work as a team to develop an IPL strategy for the pre-registration training of Allied Health Professionals. Our efforts were to be centred on creating a twenty minute presentation based on our idea to our AHP peers. This was carried out over a week, with our presentation was expected to be given on Friday afternoon. Our Implementation of the Task and Personal Thoughts We first assembled and became acquainted with each other on Monday morning. Initial introductions and group communication were aided by a simple but effective exercise to assist preliminary group collaboration. This activity was fun, and valuable in helping us begin to establish the group relationship, and personally extinguished any uncomfortable feelings which I may usually have in a situation like this. I also felt confident that this particular group of individuals worked well together and at this point I had no concerns about the task ahead. Subsequently, we were given our main task. Although I felt that there were some very valid and intelligent thoughts brought forward during our brainstorming, I began to worry that there were perhaps too many which differed somewhat, and that as a group we were not using our time efficiently. In addition, people could not agree on the simplest practicalities, which I felt was unhelpful. The group met again on Wednesday morning, with each individual bringing their contribution of research to share. We discussed a possible structure to the presentation, although as the meeting went on it became clear that there were unquestionably some conflicting views on what our approach should be. At this point, I began to feel doubtful that the group was capable of decision-making, and started to feel anxious about our assignment. In addition, I felt that one particular member of the group seemed to feel strongly about their own outlook on the task, and that perhaps they were slightly negative regarding other ideas, unhelpful for the overall morale of the group. The following day we met in a skills lab to take some photographs for our presentation, which was successful. This was followed by a short discussion, where some of the members of the group voiced their concerns that they had lost track of how the group would present. It was then disclosed that one particular idea had been developed outside of the meetings and that there was no need to be concerned, which made me feel excluded from the decision-making. As a result, I resolved to prevent my thoughts becoming too negative by concentrating on my particular research and presentation role, accepting the decision made. On the day of the presentation, we met up beforehand and rehearsed using our amalgamated slides. I was pleasantly surprised about how the whole thing flowed, and felt relieved. The group as a whole also seemed reassured. Evaluation Individual Performance I believe that I tried my upmost to show commitment to the group and its task, and to give support when necessary. This is reflected in the peer evaluations that I received after the task was over. At the same time, I also tried to keep the group focused and remind them of time constraints. Nonetheless, I have come to realise that I was anxious and distrustful that the group would not be able to finish the work that had been set. Because of my unease of the groups relatively slow progression, I think that I subliminally withdrew from the group in that I was only confident in my own individual component of the work, deciding to stop being concerned with the overall work. One of the manners of conflict identified by John Hunt (1987) is unhelpful flight behaviour (psychological, physical or symbolic withdrawal), which blocks and inhibits group work. In my opinion this describes the negative way in which I acted, which on reflection was likely detrimental to group effectiveness. Group Performance I think our final presentation artefact was successful, reflected by the unexpectedly positive feedback which we received. I found this surprising, because of the amount of conflict and lack of decision-making that went on during the process. Charles Handy (1993) is of the opinion that although groups collaboratively produce fewer ideas than individual brainstorming, the quality of the ideas is superior in that they are more thought through and better evaluated. Even though our proposal is not what I would have gone for individually, I have come to realise that collaborative ideas are of sound quality and should not be distrusted. Despite our conflict, I realise that with regards to ethical concerns all of us were extremely understanding of certain members individual needs. For example, instances where it was necessary to consider child care issues whilst deciding meeting times were all taken into account, with everyone being very considerate and accepting. I appreciate that acting fairly and in a reasonable way to each other is critical, as agreed by the first of the four ethical principles drawn up by Beauchamp and Childress (1995): Respect for autonomy. However, in my opinion it is important to recognise that group effectiveness seemed to break down as the week went on. Aspects contributing to this included conflicting ideas, poor decision-making and lack of time for healthy group development. I firmly believe that the latter was especially damaging to our group communication. The groups decision-making was so meagre that individual members of the group had no choice but to take initiative and make decisions without the entire groups permission. Although I felt that this represented group decision-making failure, in hindsight it probably saved us from ultimate failure of the task. Analysis and Reflection of my own and my groups performance Within this section are a few key elements that I regard as being important aspects of this experience to learn from: Team-working In my opinion, there were some very good aspects within our team-working, taking into account our ultimate success. Spears (1992) describes the METHODS model, which uses an acronym for its seven concepts. I have thought about this with regards to my group experience, and feel that the team worked well in carrying out individual research, then coming together to educate each other to provide the necessary sustenance to produce the presentation. In addition, I think the team came up with exciting although challenging ideas that took the theme a creative step further, when a more demure approach would have been acceptable. Hence in my opinion, we achieved the Dream element of the model, taking the time to be imaginative. However, I think more effective team-working would have been possible if we had set clear goals to be met in our meetings, which would have avoided anxiousness and confusion. In addition, I think we would have benefitted from some outside feedback to improve our working and reduce conflicts. Furthermore, although many creative ideas were put forward, some were unfortunately met by some negative attitude damaging to the innovative environment. On reflection, I think that our group would have undoubtedly benefitted by planning our work using the METHODS model. In particular, I will definitely strongly advise my future groups to use goal-setting to encourage improvement, to gain feedback throughout and to optimise team success by encouraging innovation rather than cynicism. Decision-making I think that the groups decision-making was poor due to a combination of the large number of ideas, avoidance of conflict, and lack of planning and organisation. Although in my opinion lots of ideas can only be positive, group meetings lacking structure and orientation meant that this large amount of suggestions made things confusing, hence positive decisions were impossible to achieve. As observed by C. Handy (1999 p.173), the decision-making procedure could be by authority, majority, consensus, minority or no response. During our group work, the only decisions made were negative, via a minority or no response process. I think that this is because we failed to decide upon an appointed decision-making method during the early stages of group development. In my opinion, the role that I played within my group experience affected the decision-making negatively, in that I was so concerned the task would not be completed, I avoided conflict and went along with the strongest voice in the group. Looking back, my thinking was to try to aid progression, as I thought that further conflict would slow things down further. Works by Hall (1971) includes advice for good decision-making, for example the recommendation that group members should avoid changing their minds merely to avoid conflict, and to actively seek out differences of opinion. This is something I will take with me and implement in future situations. From this reflection, I have learnt that forward planning is key. For example, an authoritative leader should be appointed from the beginning, as should a method of decision-making. In addition, meetings should be planned and well structured, with goals set to be met by the end of each one. Diversity and Difference Current theory by Cox (1993) states that although diversity in groups often leads to disagreements, it also means more productivity than with a group which is more homogenous, including a higher level of creativity and innovation. In my group experience, there was some definite heterogeneity within group members characteristics, including different personalities, attitudes, and in turn influence and group integration. I think that this was the cause of the conflict that occurred, although as I have already mentioned, the group did collaboratively produce a vast range of ideas and importantly was successful in its end goal. I believe that although conflict would have been absent had there been less diversity, so would have the quantity and quality of imaginative ideas. To reflect upon my group role, I will use Holm and Stevensons prompt questions (1994): What was my role in this situation and was I comfortable? Belbin (1981) noted that if any of the eight team roles is absent or inadequate, the overall team will be off-balance. Prior to meeting my group, I carried out a Belbins Team Roles Questionnaire, finding that typically I am an Implementer and Teamworker. In retrospect, whilst I was part of this particular group, I believe that I took on a different role. Although I remained an Implementer, in my opinion I acted more as a Completer-finisher than a Teamworker, considering my anxiousness that the group was inefficient and that the task may not get done on time. I believe my role changed to facilitate the groups progression and even out an imbalance. This change did cause me to feel slightly uncomfortable, mainly due to the unease associated with it. How did others act? Were the actions appropriate? Looking back, I think that in particular there were too many team workers. The group regarded the conflict and tension that had occurred as negative, and people were keen to avoid this as much as possible. Although our actions were appropriate given our situation and the task at hand, things may have been implemented in a more effective and planned way. From this reflection, I have come to realise that some diversity (although associated with disagreement) is positive, and ultimately necessary for good productivity. Additionally, although each team role is associated with some negative aspects, all are crucial for good team-working. I will bear all this in mind in future, and will no longer shy away from some healthy conflict. Management of power and conflict When the group met after each individuals research, there was some tension and disagreement over the groups priorities, and the method by which the task should be carried out. As conflict continued pressure mounted, not helped by time constraints of the room booking. The Tuckman stages of group development (1965) describe part of the Storming stage as the group beginning to settle disagreements and setting priorities, however this was unachievable due to lack of time available. As a result of this situation a clear leader surfaced, providing much needed structure and clarity. She listened to everything that all had to say, somehow having the ability to create an innovative environment whilst simultaneously bringing some degree of organisation into the proceedings, precisely what the group was actively looking for. She also had huge confidence in the group as a whole, emitting positivity and confidence, vital to the needs of the team at the time. Although the storming stage was not entirely complete, the norming stage commenced because of this newly-found structure. Even so, as I have described disagreements were not all entirely resolved. This resulted in tension and some continuing conflict being present within the group throughout the rest of our time together. This was unfortunate, as one particular member of the group began to interpret some of the discussion as being a personal attack, thus becoming defensive. However, I am pleased to say that on the day of the presentation we managed to set aside all hostility and presented our work proudly together and as a team. From this analysis element, I have come to realise that time should be made for healthy group development to allow time for conflict resolution. Clinical Reasoning One of the CAIPE principles of effective Interprofessional Education (2002) is to respect the contribution of each professional within the patient care pathway. As a group, I think we demonstrated this, as there was much amicability in considering each others needs, responsibilities and alternative responsibilities in order to reason meeting times and the amount and type of individual work each person took on. It was reassuring to realise that this is possible within interprofessionals. One of the thoughts behind interprofessional learning is that it enables professionals to learn with, from and about each other to improve collaboration and the quality of care. In terms of my own personal experience of the group work I think I have certainly significantly enhanced my knowledge of other healthcare professionals alongside the undertaking of the task. This module has allowed me to further appreciate the value of the IPL activities that are in place as part of our learning, for example the observation of MDT meetings. I appreciate that my learning would benefit from developing my clinical reasoning skill set further, and I have identified this as an essential area for my professional development. Conclusion The conclusion is a fundamental part of the Gibbs model of reflection, prompting reflection on what else I could have done. To aid this, I shall continue to refer to a selection of Holm and Stevensons reflection questions: How could I have improved the situation? By easing my anxiety in having more trust in my peers and in the group as a whole, my personal experience would have been much more positive. In addition, forward planning, for example the setting of goals and early decisions as to how the group will work would have been beneficial. Do I feel as if I have learnt anything new about myself? I have become aware that I am able to be flexible according to the needs of my group in the role that is required of me. I see this as a positive concept, as during my time as a healthcare practitioner, I will come across a diverse range of situations, where malleability will be key. Has it changed my way of thinking in any way? I have come to realise that individuals are diverse in their characteristics, attitudes and beliefs, and appreciate that this diversity is very positive within a group setting. I have also come to realise that a degree of conflict is good for productivity and creativity (although time must be allocated for any conflict to be resolved). Action Plan Attend a successful team worker course to work on my group skills. Find ways of relieving anxiety, by perhaps attending a course on this. Strongly suggest use of the METHODS model during future group scenarios to aid effective team-working. Strongly propose to decide on a decision-making procedure early on in a future group situation. Actively make time for healthy group development. Ask for relevant and professional feedback to be given to the group throughout. Try out different reflection models for different experiences to help me determine which are most useful for my own personal learning and to aid me in becoming a successful reflective practitioner. Participate in as many IPL activities as possible to develop my clinical reasoning skills.

Osteomyelitis Essay -- Health, Diseases

Osteomyelitis: Osteomyelitis is a common bone infection caused by bacteria or in some cases, fungus [1]. Osteomyelitis generally occurs by infection of bacteria in several different ways, including via the bloodstream, from neighboring areas of infection, or due to non-sterile joint replacements and internal fixations such as fractures [2]. In 90% of cases, an S. aereus bacterium is the microbial culprit responsible for osteomyelitis [3]. In the cases of open would fractures, osteomyelitis can interfere with normal bone healing and regeneration [4]. Symptoms of osteomyelitis include bone pain, fever, malaise, swelling, redness, chills, excessive sweating, and joint pains [5]. It is reported that in 20% of the cases, the infection is hematogenous, or spread by the blood [6]. The incidence of spinal osteomyelitis was reported to be 1 in 450,000 in 2001 [7]. The incidence of vertebral osteomyelitis is reported to be 24 cases per 1,000,000 and the incidence in children is approximately 1 in 5,00 0 [8]. Approximately 10-15% of people with vertebral osteomyelitis develop spinal-cord compression and approximately 30% of patients with long bone osteomyelitis develop deep vein thrombosis (DVT) [9]. Mortality rates are generally low unless sepsis occurs [10]. The overall incidence of osteomyelitis was found to be higher in developing countries compared to developed nations [11]. Current Clinical Standard of Care: The current gold standard treatment for osteomyelitis is gentamycin or vancomycin impregnated poly methyl methacrylate (PMMA) beads [12]. These beads are surgically implanted at the site of bacterial infection, and the antibiotic will diffuse from these beads [12]. Both vancomycin and gentamycin inhibit bacterial g... ..., the in vivo studies show that the effectiveness of the delivery system in terms of bacterial growth inhibition is comparable to the clinical standard of care, the PMMA beads. Further studies would include determining the compressive strengths of the PUR scaffolds to decide where they could be placed in a load-bearing setting, systemic toxicity studies to ensure that neither the vancomycin nor PUR is present in toxically high concentrations in the serum after implantation, and a prolonged study to show that the PUR scaffold is in fact biodegradable, thereby by-passing the second surgical step which is required for the PMMA beads. Li et al [21] also did not do any studies comparing the PUR-LTI and PUR-HDIt scaffolds under the same experimental conditions. These studies would also be critical to determine which scaffold formulation should be pursued long-term.

Marketing and Product Essay

â€Å"Your boss has just returned from a Senior Executive Workshop for Marketing Directors. He explains to you that the focus of the workshop was on the importance of the positioning statement to effective strategy development. Full of new-found enthusiasm, he asks you to prepare a short paper on positioning for the next board meeting. He wants you to demonstrate the importance of positioning strategy to business success. Write that paper† Introduction STP (Segmentation, Targeting and Positioning) marketing is also called strategic marketing, involves finding correct segment in which to market your product, identify the proper target market and positioning the product to create maximum profits. The most important of STP marketing is determining exactly what benefits your product offers and who will benefit most from using it. STP is important for marketer to create a competitive advantage and marketing plan designed specifically for the customers who will be most likely to buy the product. The STP process allows marketer to identify the correct segment to market the product and use the marketing mix to maximize profits. Marketing Strategy: Segmentation, Targeting and Positioning Segmentation, targeting and positioning are essential parts in the marketing strategy that can help company to market their product better using the appropriate marketing mix. The following diagram illustrates the steps and connection between these three important plan that used by marketers to market their product efficiently. [pic] Diagram 1: The main steps in market segmentation, targeting and positioning Source: Doyle and Stern (2006) Segmentation Market consists of customers and customers vary from each other. The variation are depends on factors such as resources, wants, buying attitude, locations and buying practice. Segmentation means dividing a market by certain criteria such as geographical, demographic, psychographic and behavioral. By dividing the market, a marketer can easily identify what type of segment is suitable for the chosen product and large market can be divided into smaller segments which can be managed more efficiently and effectively. These criteria or variables that be used for segmentation are as follows: (1) Geographic Segmentation It refers to location including regions, continent, country, area size, village, city and the climate. A company needs to put attention on variability of geographic needs and wants. (2) Demographic Segmentation It refers to measureable statistics such as income, age, gender, education, occupation, religion, nationality, race, language and family size. It’s crucial to consider the demographic factors while defining market strategy. (3) Psychographic Segmentation It refers to a segment of lifestyle, personality, attitudes and values. A segment having demographically grouped customers may have different psychographic characteristics. (4) Behavioral Segmentation Other than the above, another basis for segmentation is behavioral segmentation. This is the most favorable segmentation as it uses the variables that really close to the product itself. Buying status, buying role and user type are the common behavioral segmentation. Some customers  are brand loyal; they tend to stick with their preferred brand. Effective segmentation is achieved when customers sharing the similar patterns of demand are grouped together, where each group different in the pattern of demand from other segments in the market. Basically, all the following have to be considered before segmentation: (1) Measureable: Able to measure in terms of potential customers in each segment which means it should be able to tell how many potential customers as well as how many competitors in the same segment. (2) Accessible: Able to reach selected market targets with its individual marketing efforts which means segment should be accessible through any types of communication method and distribution such as transportation, distributors and internet. (3) Meaningful: Able to differentiate preferences or needs and show clear variations in market behavior and response to each designed marketing mix. (4) Substantial: Able to lead to segments which sufficiently large to be economically and practically served as market targets with selected marketing mix. Targeting After segmentation, the next step is targeting. Targeting is the process of selecting a segment to aim. According to Kotler and Armstrong (2004), the following three main strategies that can be used to enter and exploit the segments. (1) Undifferentiated strategies (mass marketing) – The aim of the strategy is to offer a basic product that would suit and be used by almost all age groups and lifestyle. (2) Differentiated strategies (segmented marketing) – Focus on targeting two or more markets, each of them use different marketing programme. (3) Concentrated strategies (niche marketing) – The company focuses on targeting a large share of one or a few segments. The niche marketing defines the specific product features focus to satisfy specific market needs. Generally, targeting is depending on several factors as the followings: †¢ The existing level of competition and the ability to meet customer needs. †¢ The size of the segment (how large and how can it grow). †¢ The strengths of a company that can help to appeal a group customer (company reputation). †¢ The ability to communicate with the segment. Basically, the advantages of target marketing are: †¢ Marketing opportunities and ‘gaps† will be more accurately indentified. The gaps can be the real thing about the product or how customers view the product emotionally. By indentifying this, an appropriate advertising message can be implemented in the minds of customers. †¢ Market and product appeals through the manipulation of marketing mix will be more suitable to the needs of potential customers. †¢ Marketing effort can be focus on the market segment which would be a potential for the company to achieve it’s goal and maximize the profit. Positioning After segmenting a market and then targeting a customer, the next process is to position a product in the market. Positioning is about ‘perception’ and creating the image of the product in customer’s mind. In other words, positioning is about delivering the unique selling advantage of the product. Positioning is useful in order to understand what we can offer that the other products are not able to offer. On top of that, the customer’s needs and wants can be satisfied. . A product has to have a clear and distinctive image in the mind of the customer. This is exactly what positioning creates. Basically, the positioning strategy is mainly focusing on the following points: †¢ Provide value to customer with the competitive advantage, strengths and distinctive competencies. †¢ Market segmentation forms the basis for focused strategies. †¢ Finding the unique selling proposition by distinguishes a brand from its competitors. †¢ Conduct analysis to study on internal, market & competitor. Positioning is the process of creating, the image the product holds in the mind of customers about the product. For example, Gardenia and Federal  Bakery both are in the bakery industry. Although Federal Bakery may try to compete they will still be seen as down market from Gardenia. Positioning helps customers understand what is unique about the products when compared with the competitors. Gardenia has been positioned based on the process of positioning by direct comparison with other competitors such as Italian Baker (Massimo) and Silverbird (Hi-5), and have positioned their products to benefit their target market. Most people create an image of a product by comparing it to another similar product and the image of that has been positioned by the customers about Gardenia is particularly on the variety that they offers and its healthy ingredients. The company can use Point of Different (POD) and Point of Parity (PAP) in the effort to make a better positioning strategy. By using POD and PAP, the company would be able to see the difference and similarities between their products and competitor’s brand. It’s important to establish the POD but it’s also important to decrease the competition by matching it on the POP. [pic] Diagram 2: Point of Different and Point of Parity Using Point of Different (POD) and Point of Parity (PAP) for Gardenia and it’s competitors in the bakery industry, the result are as shown below: Point of Different (POD) †¢ Large variety of breads such as sunflower seed loaf, honey loaf. †¢ No preservatives and use natural ingredients. Point of Parity (PAP) †¢ Produce the basic thing like the competitors (loaf, bun). Some customers prefer to buy Gardenia than it’s competitor such as Federal Bakery, Massimo and Hi-5 because of the differences that other competitors can’t offer. The variety of bread (other than normal white loaf) that they are offerings is not available with competitor’s brand and they also sell  other things like waffles and muffins. The Importance of Positioning It is important for a successful business to market itself right. Through positioning, a lot of advertising money can be saved. Positioning is about communication of the overall value proposition that has been created and maintains it to the customers. In order to be effective, the basic value proposition by the company has to be something relevant to the target market and it must be differentiated from the competitors. It must also sustainable and communicated clearly to that market. Therefore, differentiation at product, brand or company level is now been recognized as one of the key element of establishing a stable market positioning. The differentiating can be based on the features or attributes of the product (actual) or based on the image of the product (perceived). Differentiation can be done with different element of the marketing mix. It may involve the features of attributes that gives customers more benefits than the competitor or from the brand unique image itself. A good and quality product is not a guarantee to be success in the market. The most important is the product has to have a clear and distinctive image in the mind of the customers. This is the reason why positioning needs to be created. Positioning has to be managed at every aspect where customers have the contact with the company mainly in communication and telephonic interaction. This is one of the effective ways to avoid any confusion about the product in the mind of the customers. Positioning helps company to give a direction to their marketing plan. Prior to that, what’s important is the company must develop it core competencies before announce to others what it can offer. [pic] Diagram 3: Implementing Chosen Image and Appeal to Chosen Segment Positioning is important when the company wish how it’s products to be viewed by customers. From here, the company can decide where it wants to compete and it would be able to compete. The perception from customers is what they believe about certain product. The product competitive advantage not only related to the features and attributes of the product alone, but also related to it’s perceived image. For example, Research In Motion (RIM), the company that produces Blackberry phone has chosen to position itself as the maker of Qwerty-Key’s smartphone which enable to compose and read the e-mail better. Hence, RIM has done a lot through it’s advertising to promote the features. The perceived image of the product is very important if the company wants to compete in the minds of target customers. What customer believes or perceives are actually influence the purchase decision. A strong brand positioning direct marketing strategy by explaining the brand details, the uniqueness of the brand and it’s similarity with competitor’s brand in the market. Positioning is the basic strategy for developing and enhancing the knowledge and perception of the customers. For example, Maybelline cosmetics represent youth and excitement to their target customers; young girls who looking for affordable and quality cosmetics. A systematic positioning can create the brand identity and a proper brand image. The company can increase the market share and company profits if the right positioning used in their marketing strategy. Moreover, it can prevent the company making a wrong positioning. There are various positioning mistakes such as: (1) Under Positioning Under this scenario, customers are unable to get the clear idea of the brand. It happens when the company failed to present a strong central benefits and reason to buy the product. For example, MonaVie Inc is the company that markets a supplement in liquid form called â€Å"MonaVie† but many customers do not know what sort of product that they are actually selling. Some customers think that they are selling normal juices. (2) Over Positioning Under this scenario, customers have a limited awareness of the brand. It happens when the company makes the product too specific for certain group of customers and other customers may believes that the product is not for them maybe because of the high price or other reasons. For example, ‘Uluwatu†, a clothing brand from Indonesia has position itself as a premium Indonesian boutique although they are also selling medium priced clothes. (3) Confused Positioning Under this scenario, customers have a confused opinion of the brand. It is because the company claimed two or more benefits that contradict each other. For example, Tutti Frutti claims that the company is serving a healthy and low fat frozen yogurt but there are certain topping which is from a preserved canned fruits that are not really good for health. Which is more important, the healthy aspect or taste ? (4) Doubtful Positioning Under this scenario, customers do not accept the claims of a brand. Customers will doubt on the benefits that the brand can actually deliver. For example, Garnier has market a facial wash that claims to be effective in making a skin fairer but no successful testimonial has been shown so far. The Approaches in Positing Strategy Positioning strategy can be developed in object attributes, application, target customers and the characteristics of the product itself.  These factors represent a different approach in developing positioning strategy. Once a company decides what approach to be chosen in positioning, it must start to communicate the message to the customer at every contact point. The following are the approaches to position strategy: (1) Using Product Characteristics or Customer Benefits The characteristic of the product or customer benefits are the main focus in this strategy. For example, motor vehicles are usually emphasized on product characteristic such as fuel economy, power and other features. Certain products are positioned along with more than single product characteristics at the same time. (2) Using Pricing Sometimes, customers tend to relate the price of the products and the quality (price-quality). This is the perception that most of the customers perceive that expensive product is often to have a higher quality than a cheap one. This so called quality approach is important if the marketer wants to set a premium image in their product. (3) Based on Use or Application In this type of strategy, a second or third position is using to expand the brand’s market. By introducing the new uses of the product, automatically it will expand the brand market. For example, Milo for many years positioned itself as an energy drink other than normal chocolate drink. (4) Based on Product Process Under this strategy, the product is associated with its users or a class of users. For example, Longines, a watch brand has appointed Aishwarya Rai as the product ambassador to develop a fashion and luxury image in their brand. In this case, the expectation is the model or celebrity will influence the product’s image by reflecting their image which communicated as a product  user. (5) Based on Product Class Some products require critical positioning. For example, coffee powder needed to position itself with creamer or condensed milk. For example, Nescafe has positioned itself with the instant creamer. (6) Based on Logo / Symbol Symbol or logo is being used to differentiate their brands from other competitors. Using and implementing trademarks generally follow this type of positioning. For example, Malaysian Airline’s logo which is â€Å"traditional kites-wau† logo can be recognized by many peoples. (7) Based on competitors In this strategy, one or more competitors are using as a reference. Basically, the similar positioning strategy used by the competitors or use a new strategy by taking the competitor’s strategy as the basis. For example, Celcom has published an advertisement that compares their services with other competitors such as Maxis and Digi using the competitor’s corporate colors. Brand Positioning: Princess Shoes One of the most important things in managing a brand positioning is positively compare it with competitor’s brand in the mind of customers in target market. It’s essential for the brand to communicate the key values of the products and the business. â€Å"Princess† is the Malaysian company which produces women shoes for the medium price market segment. Previously known only as a brand that only sells shoes for low income customers, but today it’s already expanded to medium price market segment. Princess has developed elements such as pride and fashion with their product and within its unique selling proposition. They are successfully building their own unique brand image and reaching their target customers. Their marketing objective is to reposition it’s brand (from normal shoes to high fashion shoes) and capturing new markets. The marketing strategy aimed to the follows: †¢ Introduce the new design which is more up-to-date †¢ Make customers excited about the brand †¢ Create a sense of â€Å"fashionable† about the brand. Analyzing the marketing mix (the 4Ps) that they are implementing, basically it’s like the follows: Target: Low and medium income women. †¢ Product: Fashionable and comfortable shoes. †¢ Price: Sell at affordable price. †¢ Place: Sell at shopping malls and shop lots. †¢ Promotion: Uses internet and newspaper to announce their new products. Conclusion Positioning is how the target market defines the brand in relation with the competitors. It’s what we called the brand identity. A brand is a relationship between the company and customers. When we form a relationship, we have to show who we are to our customers. Through positioning, the company should be able to communicate with the customers effectively and efficiently. One of the benefits of good business planning is strategic positioning especially in the modern world where technology is improving from time to time and market grow constantly and become more defined. The marketer can use the business plan with review and revision is done as and when needed, in order to keep track on the right positioning. The constant change in segmentation sometimes can happen. Take broadcasting industry as an example, 15 years ago we have not more than 4 channels, now we have various channels under Astro. Therefore, in certain situation, some broadcasting companies have to review and revise their positioning in order to keep on being competitive in the growing markets. Even when a marketer involve in the process of choosing a brand name, create design, develop promotion strategy and define the pricing strategy, they have to remember the most crucial above all this are a good positioning. When defining a positioning strategy, the marketer should consider how the positioning makes the brand unique and more importantly, all the qualities can be perceived as value added by the target customers. For example, if one shoes brand is hand made from rare leather, how many customers in the target market actually would see this as strength (in point of different). If they really see this as a unique point, then it can be used as positioning. Otherwise, being different cannot bring any special attraction no value added or benefit to the brand or customers. Indeed, the effort to branding a product is time consuming and positioning is just a first step to build a relationship with the customers. Before start with the brand positioning, the marketer have to see who are the competitors that already in the market before the unique positioning can be planned. By measuring the competition, the marketer would know whether the customers in the target market already satisfied with competitor’s brand or there is any chance for another brand can take advantage of. For example, if a new brand is going to be marketed although there are 5 brands already in the market, it’s really important for a marketer to think how to compete. Without a strong positioning, the product will be seen as imitator or copycat rather than a fresh new brand. The competitions allow the customers to know what they can expect from certain brand. The marketer should think how to compete by showing the different to the customers compared to other similar brands in the market. The key is to exhibit what the brand can offer as â€Å"value added† if the competitors have similar product offerings and know how to overcome them if the competition is too high. The purpose of market study is to help the marketer to realize what market and potential customers that they will targeted before making an investment. There are varieties of strategy that the marketer can use when determining positioning. The great thing about this is when the similar product or concept already in the market, the marketer can use a specific positioning strategy and identify the point of different. For example, 100 Plus is positioned as an isotonic drink brand focusing on active lifestyle while the competitor, Excel (another isotonic drink’s brand) is now positioned as â€Å"cola flavoured isotonic drink†. They are basically the same products, the base is same which is isotonic drinks, but each of them are focusing on different positioning that giving them a competitive advantage and unique identity. Having a good product does not guarantee success. Some great products failed in the market because they cannot position themselves correctly. A marketer should think about positioning before anything else like design and packaging. As a conclusion, the positioning strategy is a must if a product needs to compete in the market. The image that creates in the mind of customer will determine whether the product can be sold because that is one of the reasons before customer make a purchase. By having the comprehensive positioning strategy, the company would survive and more importantly to increase the market share and maximise the profits. Bibliography http://en.wikipedia.org http://www.ehow.com/info_8693419_stp-marketing.html Kotler, P., and Armstrong, G. (2004) â€Å"Principles of marketing†, 10th edition, N.J., Pearson Education. http://www.managementstudyguide.com/brand-positioning.htm Callin Gilliam(2010) Marketing Segmentation, Targeting and Posistioning ,p339 http://www.ivoryresearch.com/nicole-johnson.php

Ask Questions in English Class to Help You Learn

Ask Questions in English Class to Help You Learn Here is a list of some of the most common phrases used for asking questions in the classroom. Learn the phrases and use them often! Asking to Ask a Question Can I ask a question?May I ask a question? Asking for Something  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚     Can I have a pen, please?Do you have a pen for me?May I have a pen, please? Asking about Words  Ã‚     Whats (the word) in English?What does (the word) mean?How do you spell (the word)?How do you use (the word) in a sentence?Can you use (the word or phrase) in a sentence? Asking about Pronunciation How do you say (the word in your language) in English?Can you pronounce (the word)?How do you pronounce (the word)?Wheres the stress in (the word)? Asking about Idioms Is there an idiom for (your explanation)?Is (an idiom) an idioms? Asking to Repeat Could / Can you repeat that, please?Could / can you say that again, please?Pardon me? Apologizing  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚      Excuse me, please.Im sorry.Sorry about that.Sorry Im late for class. Saying Hello and Goodbye Good morning / afternoon / evening!Hello / HiHow are you?GoodbyeHave a good weekend / day / evening / time! Asking for Opinions What do you think about (topic)?Whats your opinion about (topic)? Practice Classroom Dialogues Arriving Late for Class Teacher: Good morning class.Students: Good morning. Teacher: How are you today?Students: Fine. How about you? Teacher: Im fine, thanks. Where is Hans?Student 1: Hes late. I think he missed the bus. Teacher: OK. Thank you for letting me know. Lets get started.Hans (arriving late): Sorry Im late. Teacher: Thats OK. Im glad youre here!Hans: Thank you. May I ask a question? Teacher: Certainly!  Hans: How do you spell complicated? Teacher: Complicated is complicated! C - O - M - P - L - I - C - A - T - E - DHans: Could you repeat that, please? Teacher: Of course. C - O - M - P - L - I - C - A - T - E - DHans: Thank you.   Understanding Words in Class Teacher: ... please complete page 35 as follow-up to this lesson.Student: Could you say that again, please? Teacher: Sure. Please do page 35 to make sure you understand.Student: Excuse me, please. What does follow-up mean? Teacher: Follow-up is something you do to repeat or continue something youre working on.Student: Is follow-up an idiom? Teacher: No, its an expression. An idiom is a full sentence expressing an idea.Student: Can you give me an example of an idiom? Teacher: Certainly. Its raining cats and dogs is an idiom.Student: Oh, I understand now.   Teacher: Great! Are there any other questions?Student 2: Yes. Could you use follow-up in a sentence? Teacher: Good question. Let me think ... Id like to do some follow-up to our discussion last week. Does that make sense?Student 2: Yes, I think I understand. Thank you. Teacher: My pleasure. Asking about a Topic Teacher: Lets talk about the weekend. What did you do this weekend?Student: I went to a concert. Teacher: Oh, interesting! What kind of music did they play?Student: Im not sure. It was in a bar. It wasnt pop, but it was nice. Teacher: Maybe it was hip-hop?Student: No, I dont think so. There was a piano, drums and a saxophone. Teacher: Oh, was it jazz?Student: Yes, thats it!   Teacher: Whats your opinion of jazz?Student: I like it, but its kind of crazy. Teacher: Why do you think that?Student: It didnt have a song. Teacher: Im not sure what you mean by song. Do you mean that no one was singing?Student: No, but it was crazy, you know, up and down. Teacher: Maybe it didnt have a melody?Student: Yes, I think thats it. Whats melody mean? Teacher: Thats hard. Its the main tune. You can think of the melody as the song you would sing along with the radio.Student: I understand. Wheres the stress in melody? Teacher: Its on the first syllable. ME - lo - dy.Student: Thank you.

Bbqgardens in baltimore, md Essay Example

Bbqgardens in baltimore, md Essay Example Bbqgardens in baltimore, md Essay Bbqgardens in baltimore, md Essay BBQGardens in Baltimore, MD Which are the Gorgeous BBQ Garden Restaurants of Baltimore, MD? The BBQ garden eating topographic point ofBaltimore, MD bistros is so nice, first-class and comparatively attractive. The BBQ garden eating houses employees are really experient and affable. BBQ Gardens list is as follows: Milton s grill Applebee s vicinity grill Large Bad Wolf s house of barbecue Outback Steakhouse Barbara elan of psyche For more information on Baltimore, MD BBQ garden eating houses explore the undermentioned nexus. You can detect the list of elegant BBQ garden eating houses in the nexus below. hypertext transfer protocol: //local.yahoo.com/MD/Baltimore/Food+Dining/Restaurants/Barbecue+Restaurants hypertext transfer protocol: //baltimore.chowbaby.com/cuisines/BBQ % 20Restaurants Which are the Best BBQ Gardens Restaurants in Baltimore, MD? 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You can seek online and happen the topmost discounted garden eating house that provides you tasty culinary art. hypertext transfer protocol: //findlocal.baltimoresun.com/search/restaurants/topic.restaurants.cuisine.american.barbeque First you collect the Baltimore, MD eating houses list that provide BBQ garden installation Expression at the anterior guest reappraisal among the top class and discover about the cost and service of the eating house. Explore the user evaluations and reappraisals of garden eating houses Baltimore, MD and choose the best 1s You can besides seek online for price reductions trades provided by assorted gorgeous BBQ garden eating houses of Baltimore, MD. 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Baltimore, MD Pig Picker s Bar-B-Que is one of the best celebrated traditional eating houses which provide their visitants with tasty cuisines.ThePig Picker s Bar-B-Quehas been a family of barbecue for about twenty old ages in Baltimore, MD. With the new add-on of psyche nutrient to the bill of fare this carry out eating house has some of the best nutrient in town. The best psyche nutrient particular in Pig Picker s Bar-B-Queis the Rib A ; runt. Exciting environment characteristics of this Pig Picker s Bar-B-Quegarden eating house in Detroit, MI include beautiful garden, out-of-door terrace, or an enclosed agreement like arbor or summerhouse. 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If you had a second chance- The opportunity to do something over and Essay

If you had a second chance- The opportunity to do something over and do it differently- what would you choose to do over and wha - Essay Example If I would be granted an opportunity, I would wish to opt for the profession of medicine and to enter this field not for my own good but for the greater good. The professional career of a doctor revolves around the serving of the health of individuals and therefore to work towards the betterment of other people. It is a profession of dignity where an individual sacrifices his own personal luxuries for the sake of ensuring the quality of life of other individuals. A doctor works full time in the health care settings and his duty is the top most priority for him. Doctors are important parts of the medical teams that are required for emergency setups for disaster management. My inspiration for the profession increased following the work of the doctors for humanitarian relief in the disasters particularly the earthquake that hit Haiti. The way the doctors left the comforts of their home to move to an area where they might not even have access to clean water was really an impressive act. I would have opted for this profession for the greater good and for the purpose of serving humanity. It would have provided me with inner satisfaction.

Legacy of Conflict Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Legacy of Conflict - Essay Example This paper will argue that, in the "Legacy of Conquest", Limerick functions more as a revisionist than a prophet. More specifically, this book review will argue that her approach to the American West, in terms of invasion, conquest, and development, is a valuable contribution to the study of American history regardless of academic debates regarding the efficacy of her writings as a larger foundation for a more generalized theoretical model. As an initial matter, Limerick takes great pains to define the American West as a place rather than as an abstract process. The frontier was, in her view, a stage of development. The American West exists no less today than it did a thousand or two hundred years ago. This is a valuable continuation; it is valuable because the frontier is no more the American West than the Silicon Valley, Hollywood, or tourist-packed Yosemite National Park. Students and citizens alike are better served by viewing the American West as a place, and they are also better served by viewing the American West as a place which has changed and developed over time.